hugo-build/zh-cn/post/2019-08-09-getting-started/index.html

<!doctype html><head><link rel=stylesheet href=https://geekifan.github.io/chirpy-starter/css/main.min.6135c0700b2b81f4338a5c119b7a78b2bd20208c6f27ae64a19d0ef65cba906c.css></head><html lang=zh-CN><head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=theme-color media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" content="#f7f7f7"><meta name=theme-color media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" content="#1b1b1e"><meta name=mobile-web-app-capable content="yes"><meta name=apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style content="black-translucent"><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,user-scalable=no,initial-scale=1,shrink-to-fit=no,viewport-fit=cover"><meta property="og:url" content="https://geekifan.github.io/chirpy-starter/zh-cn/post/2019-08-09-getting-started/"><meta property="og:site_name" content="Chirpy"><meta property="og:title" content="开始使用"><meta property="og:description" content="通过这个全面概述开始学习Chirpy的基础知识。 您将学习如何安装、配置和使用您的第一个基于Chirpy的网站，以及如何将其部署到网络服务器。"><meta property="og:locale" content="zh_CN"><meta property="og:type" content="article"><meta property="article:section" content="post"><meta property="article:published_time" content="2019-08-09T20:55:00+08:00"><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2019-08-09T20:55:00+08:00"><meta property="article:tag" content="入门指南"><meta name=twitter:card content="summary"><meta name=twitter:title content="开始使用"><meta name=twitter:description content="通过这个全面概述开始学习Chirpy的基础知识。 您将学习如何安装、配置和使用您的第一个基于Chirpy的网站，以及如何将其部署到网络服务器。"><meta itemprop=name content="开始使用"><meta itemprop=description content="通过这个全面概述开始学习Chirpy的基础知识。 您将学习如何安装、配置和使用您的第一个基于Chirpy的网站，以及如何将其部署到网络服务器。"><meta itemprop=datePublished content="2019-08-09T20:55:00+08:00"><meta itemprop=dateModified content="2019-08-09T20:55:00+08:00"><meta itemprop=wordCount content="1990"><meta itemprop=keywords content="入门指南"><title>开始使用 |
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<i class="fas fa-close"></i></button></div><div id=toc-popup-content class="px-4 py-3 pb-4"><nav id=TableOfContents><ul><li><a href=#创建站点仓库>创建站点仓库</a><ul><li><a href=#选项1-使用起始模板推荐>选项1. 使用起始模板（推荐）</a></li><li><a href=#选项2-复刻主题>选项2. 复刻主题</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#设置环境>设置环境</a><ul><li><a href=#使用开发容器windows系统推荐>使用开发容器（Windows系统推荐）</a></li><li><a href=#本地设置类unix操作系统推荐>本地设置（类Unix操作系统推荐）</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#使用方法>使用方法</a><ul><li><a href=#启动jekyll服务器>启动Jekyll服务器</a></li><li><a href=#配置>配置</a></li><li><a href=#社交联系选项>社交联系选项</a></li><li><a href=#自定义样式表>自定义样式表</a></li><li><a href=#自定义静态资源>自定义静态资源</a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#部署>部署</a><ul><li><a href=#使用github-actions部署>使用Github Actions部署</a></li><li><a href=#手动构建和部署>手动构建和部署</a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div></dialog><div class=content><blockquote class=prompt-warning><p><strong>NOTE:</strong> 该教程还没有完成从 Jekyll 版本的迁移，请谨慎参考。</p></blockquote><h2 id=创建站点仓库 id=创建站点仓库><span class=me-2>创建站点仓库</span>
<a href=#%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e7%ab%99%e7%82%b9%e4%bb%93%e5%ba%93 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h2><p>创建站点仓库时，根据您的需求有两种选择：</p><h3 id=选项1-使用起始模板推荐 id=选项1-使用起始模板推荐><span class=me-2>选项1. 使用起始模板（推荐）</span>
<a href=#%e9%80%89%e9%a1%b91-%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e8%b5%b7%e5%a7%8b%e6%a8%a1%e6%9d%bf%e6%8e%a8%e8%8d%90 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h3><p>这种方法简化了升级过程，隔离了不必要的文件，非常适合那些想专注于写作而不需要太多配置的用户。</p><ol><li>登录GitHub并导航到<a href=https://github.com/cotes2020/chirpy-starter><strong>起始模板</strong></a>。</li><li>点击<kbd>Use this template</kbd>按钮，然后选择<kbd>Create a new repository</kbd>。</li><li>将新仓库命名为<code>&lt;username>.github.io</code>，其中<code>username</code>替换为您的小写GitHub用户名。</li></ol><h3 id=选项2-复刻主题 id=选项2-复刻主题><span class=me-2>选项2. 复刻主题</span>
<a href=#%e9%80%89%e9%a1%b92-%e5%a4%8d%e5%88%bb%e4%b8%bb%e9%a2%98 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h3><p>这种方法便于修改功能或UI设计，但在升级时会遇到挑战。除非您熟悉Jekyll并计划对此主题进行大量修改，否则不要尝试这种方法。</p><ol><li>登录GitHub。</li><li><a href=https://github.com/cotes2020/jekyll-theme-chirpy/fork>复刻主题仓库</a>。</li><li>将新仓库命名为<code>&lt;username>.github.io</code>，其中<code>username</code>替换为您的小写GitHub用户名。</li></ol><h2 id=设置环境 id=设置环境><span class=me-2>设置环境</span>
<a href=#%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h2><p>创建仓库后，是时候设置您的开发环境了。主要有两种方法：</p><h3 id=使用开发容器windows系统推荐 id=使用开发容器windows系统推荐><span class=me-2>使用开发容器（Windows系统推荐）</span>
<a href=#%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e5%ae%b9%e5%99%a8windows%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e6%8e%a8%e8%8d%90 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h3><p>开发容器使用Docker提供隔离环境，这可以防止与您的系统冲突，并确保所有依赖项都在容器内管理。</p><p><strong>步骤</strong>:</p><ol><li>安装Docker：<ul><li>在Windows/macOS上，安装<a href=https://www.docker.com/products/docker-desktop/>Docker Desktop</a>。</li><li>在Linux上，安装<a href=https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/>Docker Engine</a>。</li></ul></li><li>安装<a href=https://code.visualstudio.com/>VS Code</a>和<a href="https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers">Dev Containers扩展</a>。</li><li>克隆您的仓库：<ul><li>对于Docker Desktop：启动VS Code并<a href=https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/devcontainers/containers#_quick-start-open-a-git-repository-or-github-pr-in-an-isolated-container-volume>在容器卷中克隆您的仓库</a>。</li><li>对于Docker Engine：在本地克隆您的仓库，然后通过VS Code<a href=https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/devcontainers/containers#_quick-start-open-an-existing-folder-in-a-container>在容器中打开它</a>。</li></ul></li><li>等待开发容器设置完成。</li></ol><h3 id=本地设置类unix操作系统推荐 id=本地设置类unix操作系统推荐><span class=me-2>本地设置（类Unix操作系统推荐）</span>
<a href=#%e6%9c%ac%e5%9c%b0%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e7%b1%bbunix%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e6%8e%a8%e8%8d%90 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h3><p>对于类Unix系统，您可以本地设置环境以获得最佳性能，不过您也可以使用开发容器作为替代方案。</p><p><strong>步骤</strong>:</p><ol><li>按照<a href=https://jekyllrb.com/docs/installation/>Jekyll安装指南</a>安装Jekyll，并确保已安装<a href=https://git-scm.com/>Git</a>。</li><li>将您的仓库克隆到本地机器。</li><li>如果您复刻了主题，安装<a href=https://nodejs.org/>Node.js</a>并在根目录中运行<code>bash tools/init.sh</code>来初始化仓库。</li><li>在仓库根目录中运行命令<code>bundle</code>来安装依赖项。</li></ol><h2 id=使用方法 id=使用方法><span class=me-2>使用方法</span>
<a href=#%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h2><h3 id=启动jekyll服务器 id=启动jekyll服务器><span class=me-2>启动Jekyll服务器</span>
<a href=#%e5%90%af%e5%8a%a8jekyll%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h3><p>要在本地运行站点，请使用以下命令：</p><div class=code-block><div class=code-header><span data-label-text=Terminal><i class="fas fa-code fa-fw small"></i></span> <button aria-label=copy data-title-succeed=Copied!><i class="far fa-clipboard"></i></button></div><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-fallback data-lang=fallback><span class=line><span class=cl>$ bundle exec jekyll serve</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div></div><blockquote><p>如果您使用的是开发容器，必须在<strong>VS Code</strong>终端中运行该命令。
{: .prompt-info }</p></blockquote><p>几秒钟后，本地服务器将在<a href=http://127.0.0.1:4000>http://127.0.0.1:4000</a>上可用。</p><h3 id=配置 id=配置><span class=me-2>配置</span>
<a href=#%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h3><p>根据需要更新<code>_config.yml</code>{: .filepath}中的变量。一些典型选项包括：</p><ul><li><code>url</code></li><li><code>avatar</code></li><li><code>timezone</code></li><li><code>lang</code></li></ul><h3 id=社交联系选项 id=社交联系选项><span class=me-2>社交联系选项</span>
<a href=#%e7%a4%be%e4%ba%a4%e8%81%94%e7%b3%bb%e9%80%89%e9%a1%b9 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h3><p>社交联系选项显示在侧边栏底部。您可以在<code>_data/contact.yml</code>{: .filepath}文件中启用或禁用特定联系方式。</p><h3 id=自定义样式表 id=自定义样式表><span class=me-2>自定义样式表</span>
<a href=#%e8%87%aa%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%89%e6%a0%b7%e5%bc%8f%e8%a1%a8 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h3><p>要自定义样式表，请将主题的<code>assets/css/jekyll-theme-chirpy.scss</code>{: .filepath}文件复制到Jekyll站点的相同路径中，并在文件末尾添加您的自定义样式。</p><h3 id=自定义静态资源 id=自定义静态资源><span class=me-2>自定义静态资源</span>
<a href=#%e8%87%aa%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%89%e9%9d%99%e6%80%81%e8%b5%84%e6%ba%90 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h3><p>静态资源配置在版本<code>5.1.0</code>中引入。静态资源的CDN在<code>_data/origin/cors.yml</code>{: .filepath}中定义。您可以根据您的网站发布地区的网络状况替换其中一些。</p><p>如果您更喜欢自托管静态资源，请参考<a href=https://github.com/cotes2020/chirpy-static-assets#readme><em>chirpy-static-assets</em></a>仓库。</p><h2 id=部署 id=部署><span class=me-2>部署</span>
<a href=#%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h2><p>部署前，检查<code>_config.yml</code>{: .filepath}文件并确保正确配置了<code>url</code>。如果您更喜欢<a href=https://help.github.com/en/github/working-with-github-pages/about-github-pages#types-of-github-pages-sites><strong>项目站点</strong></a>且不使用自定义域名，或者您想通过GitHub Pages以外的Web服务器上的基本URL访问您的网站，请记得将<code>baseurl</code>设置为项目名称，以斜杠开头，例如<code>/project-name</code>。</p><p>现在您可以选择以下方法之一来部署您的Jekyll站点。</p><h3 id=使用github-actions部署 id=使用github-actions部署><span class=me-2>使用Github Actions部署</span>
<a href=#%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8github-actions%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h3><p>准备以下内容：</p><ul><li><p>如果您使用的是GitHub免费计划，请保持站点仓库公开。</p></li><li><p>如果您已将<code>Gemfile.lock</code>{: .filepath}提交到仓库，并且您的本地机器不是运行Linux，请更新锁定文件的平台列表：</p><div class=code-block><div class=code-header><span data-label-text=Console><i class="fas fa-code fa-fw small"></i></span> <button aria-label=copy data-title-succeed=Copied!><i class="far fa-clipboard"></i></button></div><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> bundle lock --add-platform x86_64-linux
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div></div></li></ul><p>接下来，配置_Pages_服务：</p><ol><li>在GitHub上进入您的仓库。选择_Settings_标签，然后点击左侧导航栏中的_Pages_。在<strong>Source</strong>部分（_Build and deployment_下），从下拉菜单中选择<a href=https://docs.github.com/en/pages/getting-started-with-github-pages/configuring-a-publishing-source-for-your-github-pages-site#publishing-with-a-custom-github-actions-workflow><strong>GitHub Actions</strong></a>。</li></ol><a href=/chirpy-starter/post/2019-08-09-getting-started/pages-source-light.png class="popup img-link light border normal"><img src=/chirpy-starter/post/2019-08-09-getting-started/pages-source-light.png alt=构建源 height=140 width=375>
</a><a href=/chirpy-starter/post/2019-08-09-getting-started/pages-source-dark.png class="popup img-link dark normal"><img src=/chirpy-starter/post/2019-08-09-getting-started/pages-source-dark.png alt=构建源 height=140 width=375></a><ol start=2><li>将任何提交推送到GitHub以触发_Actions_工作流。在仓库的_Actions_标签中，您应该看到正在运行的_Build and Deploy_工作流。一旦构建完成并成功，站点将自动部署。</li></ol><p>现在您可以访问GitHub提供的URL来访问您的站点。</p><h3 id=手动构建和部署 id=手动构建和部署><span class=me-2>手动构建和部署</span>
<a href=#%e6%89%8b%e5%8a%a8%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%e5%92%8c%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2 class="anchor text-muted"><i class="fas fa-hashtag"></i></a></h3><p>对于自托管服务器，您需要在本地机器上构建站点，然后将站点文件上传到服务器。</p><p>导航到源项目的根目录，并使用以下命令构建您的站点：</p><div class=code-block><div class=code-header><span data-label-text=Console><i class="fas fa-code fa-fw small"></i></span> <button aria-label=copy data-title-succeed=Copied!><i class="far fa-clipboard"></i></button></div><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-console data-lang=console><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=gp>$</span> <span class=nv>JEKYLL_ENV</span><span class=o>=</span>production bundle <span class=nb>exec</span> jekyll b
</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div></div><p>除非您指定了输出路径，否则生成的站点文件将放置在项目根目录的<code>_site</code>{: .filepath}文件夹中。将这些文件上传到您的目标服务器。</p></div><div class="post-tail-wrapper text-muted"><div class="post-meta mb-3"><i class="far fa-folder-open fa-fw me-1"></i>
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